![]() See ASHA's Mild Cognitive Impairment Evidence Map for summaries of the available evidence on this topic. cognitive deficits do not occur exclusively in the context of delirium, and.cognitive deficits do not interfere with the ability to independently perform everyday activities (although some may require greater effort or use of compensatory strategies),.a modest decline from previous levels of performance in one or more cognitive domains, including complex attention, executive function, learning and memory, language, perceptual motor, or social cognition (preferably documented by standardized testing or clinical assessment).The clinical criteria for diagnosing mild NCD are This definition of MCI is consistent with the diagnostic category, mild neurocognitive disorder (mild NCD), as defined in the DSM-5 (APA, 2013). Unlike dementia, the cognitive decline associated with MCI does not interfere with independence in everyday activities (see, e.g., McKhann et al., 2011). See section in this Portal page on modifiable risk factors. Early identification of MCI might enable the use of cognitive interventions to slow the progression of decline (Qualls, 2005). MCI is described as an “intermediate stage of cognitive impairment that is often, but not always, a transitional phase from cognitive changes in normal ageing to those typically found in dementia” (Petersen et al., 2014, p. This subjective cognitive decline is associated with an increased risk of progression to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia (Jessen et al., 2014). ![]() Some older adults report a decline in cognitive abilities that may not be evident upon objective cognitive testing (Jessen et al., 2014). There is evidence that neuropathological changes occur well in advance of clinical manifestations of Alzheimer's dementia (Bennett et al., 2006), and subtle cognitive deficits occur up to 9 years prior to the diagnosis (Amieva et al., 2005).
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